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Tawana Glenda Brawley (born 1972) is an African-American woman from Wappingers Falls, New York, who gained notoriety in 1987–88 for accusing six white men of having raped her. The charges received widespread national attention because of her age (15), the persons accused (including police officers and a prosecuting attorney), and the shocking state in which Brawley was found after the alleged rape (in a trash bag, with racial slurs written on her body and covered in feces). Brawley's accusations were given widespread media attention in part from the involvement of her advisers, including the Reverend Al Sharpton and attorneys Alton H. Maddox and C. Vernon Mason.〔Edwin Diamond. ''The Media Show: The Changing Face of the News, 1985–1990'', Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1991.Quote: “The great paradox of Brawley 2 was that this dumb show went on for months, encouraged by the authorities and the media. The “white power structure" – as Sharpton calls it – all but propped up the advisers' shaky scenarios. The governor and the attorney general, their eyes on electoral politics as well as the case, gave the appearance of trying to avoid offense to any constituency, black or white.”〕 After hearing evidence, a grand jury concluded in October 1988 that Brawley had not been the victim of a forcible sexual assault and that she herself may have created the appearance of such an attack.〔(Tawana Brawley Grand Jury Report, October 1988 )〕〔 The New York prosecutor whom Brawley had accused as one of her alleged assailants successfully sued Brawley and her three advisers for defamation.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Steven Pagones vs. Tawana Brawley et alia )〕 Brawley initially received considerable support from the African-American community. Some suggested that Brawley was victimized by biased reporting that adhered to racial stereotypes.〔Jonathan Markovitz. ''Legacies of Lynching: Racial Violence and Memory''. University of Minnesota Press, 2004.〕〔K. Sue Jewell. ''From Mammy to Miss America and Beyond: Cultural Images and the Shaping of U.S. Social Policy'', Routledge, 1993, p. 200. “Specifically, Tawana Brawley, Robin Givens and Anita Hill were subjected to the mass media's and, more generally, society's negative and hostile perception of African American women.”〕 The mainstream media's coverage drew heated criticism from the African-American press and many black leaders who could brook no degree of skepticism or disbelief of the teenager and her story.〔Pamela Newkirk. ''Within the Veil: Black Journalists, White Media''. New York University Press, pp. 152–54.〕 The grand jury's conclusions decreased support for Brawley and her advisers. Brawley's family has maintained that the allegations were true. ==Origins of the case== On November 28, 1987, Tawana Brawley, who had been missing for four days from her home in Wappingers Falls, New York, was found seemingly unconscious and unresponsive, lying in a garbage bag several feet from an apartment where she had once lived. Her clothing was torn and burned, her body smeared with feces. She was taken to the emergency room, where the words "KKK", "nigger", and "bitch" were discovered written on her torso with a black substance described as charcoal.〔 ''Court TV has not existed since 2008, see'' Houston Chronicle: ''("TRUTV WAS COURT TV; NOW IT'S TRUTV BUT SHOULD BE COURT TV' )''〕 A detective from the Sheriff's Juvenile Aid Bureau, among others, was summoned to interview Brawley, but she remained unresponsive. The family requested a black officer, which the police department was able to provide. Brawley, described as having an "extremely spacey" look on her face, communicated with this officer with nods of the head, shrugs of the shoulder, and written notes. The interview lasted 20 minutes, during which she uttered only one word: "neon". Through gestures and writing, however, she indicated she had been raped repeatedly in a wooded area by three white men, at least one of whom, she claimed, was a police officer. A sexual assault kit was administered, and police began building a case. Brawley provided no names or descriptions of her assailants. She later told others that there had been no rape, only other kinds of sexual abuse. Forensic tests found no evidence that a sexual assault of any kind had occurred. There was no evidence of exposure to elements, which would have been expected in a victim held for several days in the woods at a time when the temperature dropped below freezing at night.〔(New York Times: "Brawley Case: Stubborn Puzzle, Silent Victim" ) February 29, 1988 "Following normal procedure, the specimens and samples were sealed and turned over to the F.B.I. for testing. Investigators said the results showed no evidence that Miss Brawley had been raped, sodomized or sexually abused in any way, though they cautioned that such tests might not have detected sexual acts that occurred days earlier. Medical officials also said that, while Miss Brawley had been smeared with feces - identified as nonhuman and probably dog feces - she was not suffering from exposure, malnutrition or any serious injury. Investigators said that Miss Brawley apparently had not been beaten, kept outdoors for lengthy periods of time or deprived of food during the days she was missing."〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tawana Brawley rape allegations」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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